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This book ushers in a new era of experimental and theoretical investigations into collective processes, structure formation, and self-organization of nuclear matter. It reports the results of experiments wherein for the first time the nuclei constituting our world (those displayed in Mendeleev's table as well as the super-heavy ones) have been artificially created. Pioneering breakthroughs are described, achieved at the ?Proton-21? Laboratory, Kiev, Ukraine, in a variety of new physical and technological directions.

A detailed description of the main experiments, their analyses, and the interpretation of copious experimental data are given, along with the methodology governing key measurements and the processing algorithms of the data that empirically confirm the occurrence of macroscopic self-organizing processes leading to the nuclear transformations of various materials. The basic concepts underlying the initiation of self-sustaining collective processes that result in the formation of nuclear structures are also examined.

How to realize nucleosynthesis of stable nuclei in the laboratory? Why are metallic meteorites of iron or nickel-iron? Could the iron be nuclear fuel and could an iron star blow up as a supernova? And what could be the energy source of such an explosion? Is it possible to obtain nuclear energy from any terrestrial substance without producing radioactivity? Do super-heavy (Migdal's) nuclei exist, and is it possible to synthesize them in the laboratory? What physical mechanisms could one use to control nuclear transformations and particularly the sign of the overall energy balance involved?

Answers to these and other intriguing questions are to be found in this book.

Proceedings of an international conference on Special Relativity and Some of its Applications, held in Athens, Greece, June 25-28, 1997. The papers gathered in these proceedings discuss the historical background and conceptual as well as empirical difficulties with conventional relativity theory, while some new approaches to understanding electromagnetism and gravitation are presented. This volume includes 38 papers by authors from 17 different countries.

Velocity of Light

• Patrick J. Fleming: An Explanation of the Sagnac Effect Based on the Special Theory of Relativity, the de Broglie/Bohm Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, and a Non-Zero Rest Mass for the Proton 3
• Fran?ois Goy: On Synchronization of Clocks in Free Fall around a Central Body 7
• Dr. Andrzej Horzela: Remarks on Clock Synchronization 19
• Dr. Alphonsus G. Kelly: Synchronization of Clock-Stations and the Sagnac Effect 25
• Dr. Joseph L?vy: Is Simultaneity Relative or Absolute? 39
• Adolphe Martin: Reception of Light Signals in Galilean Space-Time 47
• Prof. Ramalho Croca: Experiments on the Velocity c 57
• Ramon Risco-Delgado: Inertial Transformations from the Homogeneity of Absolute space 65
• Dr. Franco Selleri: On a Physical and Mathematical Discontinuity in Relativity Theory 69
• Dr. Tom Van Flandern: What the Global Positioning System Tells Us about Relativity 81

• Prof. Michele Barone: Some Almost Unknown Aspects of Special Relativity Theory 93
• Jenner Barretto Bastos-Filho: Correspondence and Commensurability in Modern Physics (a Study of the Compton Effect) 103
• Eftichios Bitsakis: Space and Time: Who Was Right, Einstein or Kant? 115
• A. Jannussis: Einstein and the Development of Physics 127
• Ludwig Kostro: The Physical and Philosophical Reasons for A. Einstein?s Denial of the Ether in 1905 and its Reintroduction in 1916 131
• Nikos A. Tambakis: On the Question of Physical Geometry 141
• Dr. Gino Tarozzi: Nonlocality, Relativity, and Two Further Quantum Paradoxes 149
• Alexei A. Tyapkin: On the History of the Special Relativity Concept 161

• Prof. Andre K. T. Assis & J. I. Cisneros: The Problem of Surface Charges and Fields in Coaxial Cables and its Importance for Relativistic Physics 177
• A. M. Awobode: A New Appraisal of the Relativistic Quantum Theories of the Electron 187
• V. S. Barashenkov, Prof. Edward Kapuscik & M. V. Liablin: Nature of Relativistic Effects and Delayed Clock Synchronization 195
• Mirjana Bozic: On a Relativistic Magnetic Top 201
• Henrik Broberg: The Interface between Matter and Time: a Key to Gravitation 209
• Prof. Werner A. Hofer: Internal Structures of Electrons and Photons and Some Consequences in Relativistic Physics 225
• Prof. Edward Kapuscik & Henryk Niewodniczanski: Generally Covariant Electrodynamics in Arbitrary Media 241
• Marek Pawlowski: On Weyl?s Extension of the Relativity Principle as a Tool to Unify Fundamental Interactions 247
• Dr. Paul Wesley: Evidence for Newtonian Absolute Space and Time 257

• Dr. Halton C. Arp: Evolution of Quasars into Galaxies and its Implications for the Birth and Evolution of Matter 267
• J. Brandes: A Lorentzian Approach to General Relativity: Einstein?s Closed Universe Reinterpreted 275
• Prof. Zbigniew Oziewicz & Bogdan Lange: The Simplest Inflationary Scenario in Relativistic Quantum Cosmology 283
• Dr. David F. Roscoe: An Analysis of 900 Rotation Curves of Southern Sky Spiral Galaxies: Are the Dynamics Constrained to Discrete States? 291

• A. P. Bredimas: Schr?dinger?s "Aether" Unifies Quantum Mechanics and Relativistic Theories 305
• Augusto Garuccio: Entangled States and the Compatibility Between Quantum Mechanics and Relativity 311
• Luis Gonzalez-Mestres: Lorentz Symmetry Violation, Vacuum and Superluminal Particles 321
• A. Jannussis & S. Baskoutas: On Superluminal Velocities 339
• Jose L. Sanchez-Gomez: Are Quantum Mechanics and Relativity Theory really Compatible? 347
• Caroline H. Thompson: Behind the Scenes at the EPR Magic Show 353
• M. A. B. Whitaker: Relativistic Physics and Quantum Measurement theory 363

Proceedings of an International Conference held 1994 in Olympia, Greece

Contents:

FUNDAMENTAL IDEAS:

• Michele Barone, The Underwater Neutrino Telescopes  1
• Jenner Barretto Bastos-Filho & R. M. X. de Araujo, Dimensional Analysis and Fundamental Physical Constants in N-Dimensional Spaces for Real N  11
• G. F. Sanger, On Mechanisms of Ambiguity and Adaptation in Nature and Their Dimensions  23
• Ruggero Maria Santilli, An Introduction to Hadronic Mechanics  69

RELATIVITY

• Roland H. Dishington, Cause and Effect in Special Relativity  187
• Joseph Levy, Is the Invariance of the Speed of Light Compatible with Quantum Mechanics?  Some New Arguments  203
• Constantin I. Mocanu, Hertzian Extension of Einstein Special Relativity to Non-Uniform Motions  217
• A. Panaitescu, On the Electromagnetic State Quantities in Electrodynamics of Moving Media  241
• A. Paparodopoulos, The Law of Universla Gravitation in a G Variant Universe  265
• Simon J. Prokhovnik, The Nature of Friedmann Universes  277
• Horst E. Wilhelm, Physical Foundations of Galilei Covariant Electrodynamics  283

QUANTUM PHYSICS

• A. Afriat, Correlations Involving Several Subsystems 2999
• Co. Antonopoulos, On Measurements with Contradictory Results; Tracing the Roots of the Original Wholeness  313
• A. K. Aringazin, K. M. Aringazin, A. Baskoutas, G. Brodimas, A. Jannusis & E. Vlachos, q-Deformed Harmonic Oscillator in Phase Space  329
• M. Damjanonvic & Z. Maric, Relativistic Dynamics and Space-Time Structure of Few-Body Processes  349
• J. Foadi, A Geometrical Approach to Bell Inequalities  357
• L. C. B. Ryff, Some Reflections and Conjectures on E.P.R. Correlations and Realism  369
• Franco Selleri, Complementarity vs. Causality in Space and Time  381
• James Paul Wesley, Light Radiates as Stochastic Bursts of Photons  399

GEOPHYSICS

• V. P. Ivankin, On the Origin and Development of the Solar System  409
• Martin Kokus, Red-Shift Quantization and the Fractal Geometry of the Universe  425
• H. G. Owen, Speculations on the Physical State of the Earth's Inner Core  429
• Giovanni Scalera, Relocation of Paleopoles on Variable Radius Earth Models  463
  

The Olympia conference Frontiers of Fundamental Physics was a gathering of about a hundred scientists who carry on research in conceptually important areas of physical science (they do "fundamental physics").  Most of them were physicists, but also historians and philosphers of science were well represented.  An important fraction of the participants could be considered "heretical" because they disagreed with the validity of one or several fundamental assumptions of modern physics.  Common to all participants was an excellent scientific level coupled with a remarkable intellectula honesty: we are proud to present to the readers this certainly unique book.

Alternative ways of considering fundamental matters should of course be vitally important for the progress of science, unless one wanted to admit that physics at the end of the XXth century has already obtained the final truth, a very unlikely possibility even if one accepted the doubtful idea of the existence of a "final" truth.  The merits of the Olympia conference should therefore not be judged a priori in a positive or in a negative way depending on one's refusal or acceptance, respectively, of basic principles of contemporary sience, but considered after reading the actual new proposals and evidence there presented.  They seem very important to us... - From the Preface.

Contents:

ASTROPHYSICS: ANOMOLOUS-REDSHIFTS

• Empirical Evidence on the Creation of Galaxies and Quasars, Dr. Halton C. Arp 1
• Periodicity in Extragalactic Redshifts, William M. Napier 13
• Quasar Spectra: Black Holes or Nonstandard Models?, Jack W. Sulentic 27
• Configurations and Redshifts of Galaxies, Miroslaw Zabierowski 37
• Isominkowskian Representaion of Cosmological Redshifts and the Internal Red-Blue-Shifts of Quasars, Dr. Ruggero Maria Santilli 41
• The Relativistic Electron Pair Theory of Matter and its Implications for Cosmology, Dr. Ernest J. Sternglass 59
• Are Quasars Manifesting a de Sitter Redshift?, John B. Miller & Thomas E. Miller 67
• What, if Anything, Is the Anthropic Cosmological Principle Telling Us?, Silvio Bergia 73
• Large Anomalous Redshift and Zero-Point Radiation, Dr. Peter F. Browne 83
• Theoretical Basis for a Non-Expanding and Euclidean Universe, Thomas B. Andrews 89
• Light Propagation in an Expanding Universe, Alexandros Paparodopoulos 99
• Fornax - The Companion of the Milky Way and the Question of Its Standard Motion, Miroslaw Zabierowski 105
• Cosmological Redshifts and the Law of Corresponding States, Victor Clube 107

RELATIVITY: ENERGY AND TIME

• Did the Apple Fall?, H?seyin Yilmaz 115
• Investigations With Lasers, Atomic Clocks and Computer Calculations of Curves Spacetime and of the Differences between the Gravitation Theories of Yilmaz and of Einstein, Prof. Carroll O. Alley 125
• Gravity is the Simplest Thing!, Dr. David F. Roscoe 139
• Fourdimensional Elasticity: Is It General Relativity?, Angelo Tartaglia 147
• Universality of the Lie-Isotropic Symmetries for Deformed Minkowskian Metrics, Ascar K. Aringazin & K. M. Aringazen 153
• Hertz's Special Relativity and Physical Reality, Dr. Ing. Constantin I. Mocanu 163
• From Relativistic Paradoxes to Absolute Space and Time Physics, Horst E. Wilhelm 171
• Theories Equivalent to Special Relativity, Dr. Franco Selleri 181
• The Physical Meaning of Albert Einstein's Relativistic Ether Concept, Prof. Ludwig Kostro 193
• The Limiting Nature of Light-Velocity as the Causal Factor Underlying Relativity, Trevor Morris 203
• The Ether Revisited, Adolphe Martin & Dr. C. Roy Keys 209
• What Is and What Is Not Essential in Lorentz's Relativity, Jan Czerniawski 217
• Vacuum Substratum in Electrodynamics and Quantum Mechanics - Theory and Experiment, Horst E. Wilhelm 223
• The Influence of Idealism in 20th Century Science, Heather McCouat & Simon J. Prokhovnik 233

GEOPHYSICS: EXPANDING EARTH

• Creeds of Physics, Samuel Warren Carey 241
• Earth Complexity vs. Plate Tectonic Simplicity, Giancarlo Scalera 257
• An Evolutionary Earth Expansion Hypothesis, Dr. Stavros T. Tassos 275
• Global Models of the Expanding Earth, Klaus Vogel 281
• An Orogenic Model Consistent with Earth Expansion. Carol Strutinski 287
• Earth Expansion Requires Increase in Mass, John K. Davidson 295
• Principles of Plate Movements on the Expanding Earth, Jan Koziar 301
• The Origin of Granite and Continetal Masses in an Expanding Earth, Lorence G. Collins 309
• The Primordially Hydridic Character of Our Planet and Proving It by Deep Drilling, C. Warren Hunt 315
• Possible Relation Between Earth Expansion and Dark Matter, Stanislaw Ciechanowicz & Jan Koziar 321
• Earth Expansion and the Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanicism, Dr. Martin Kokus 327
• Tension-gravitational Model of Island Arcs, Jan Koziar & Leszek Jamrozik 335

FIELDS, PARTICLES: SPACE-TIME STRUCTURES

• Electromagnetic Interactions and Particle Physics, Asim O. Barut 339
• Isotropic and Genotopic Relativistic Theory, Asterios Jannussis & Anna Sotiropoulos 347
• A Look at Frontiers of High Enrgy Physics: From the GeV (10⁹ eV) to PeV (10¹⁵ eV) and Beyond, Prof. Michele Barone 359
• An Approach to Finite-Size Particles with Spin, Bronislaw Sredniawa 369
• A New High Energy Scale?, Vladimir Kadyshevsky 377
• On the Space-Time Structure of the Electron, Dr. Martin Rivas 383
• Physics Without Physical Constants, Prof. Edward Kapuscik 387
• The Relation Between Information, Time and Space Inferred from Universal Phenomena in Solid-State Physics, Gerhard Dorda 393
• Quantum-Like Behavior of Charged Particles in a Magnetic Field and Observation of Discreet Forbidden States in the Classical Mechanical Domain, Ram K. Varma 401
• Unipolar Induction and Weber's Electrodynamics, Prof. Andre K. T. Assis & Dario S. Thober 409
• Impact of Maxwell's Equation of Displacement Current on Electromagnetic Laws and Comparison of the Maxwellian Waves with Our Model of Dipolic Particles, Lefteris A. Kaliambos 415
• Direct Calculation of H and the Complete Self Energy of the Electron from Fluid Models, Dr. William M. Honig 423
• Interbasis "Sphere-Cylinder" Expansions for the Oscillator in the Three Dimensional Space of Constant Positive Curvature, George S. Pogosyan, A. N. Sissakian & S. I. Vinitsky 429
• Pancharatnam's Topological Phase in Relation to Dynamical Phase in Polarization Optics, Susanne Klein, Wolfgang Dultz and Heirun Schmitzer 437
• On the Connection Betwee Classical and Quantum Mechanics, Dr. Andrzej Horzela 443
• Discrete Time Realizations of Quantum Mechanics and Their Possible Experimental Tests, Carl Wolf 449
• Heraclitus' Vision - Schr?dinger's Version, Pitter Gr?ff 459

QUANTUM PHYSICS: DUALITY AND LOCALITY

• Is It Possible to Believe in Both Orthodox Quantum Theory and History?, Euan J. Squires 465
• A New Logic for Quantum Mechanics?, Eftichios Bitsakis 475
• Dangerous Effects of the Incomprehensibility in Microphysics, Jenner Barretto Bastos-Filho 485
• Classical Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, Vladimir K. Ignatovich 493
• Rabi Oscillations Described by de Broglian Probabilities, Mirjana Bozic & Dusan Arsenovic 503
• A Test of the Complimentarity Principle in Single-Photon States of Light, Yutaka Mizobuchi & Yoshiyuki Othake 511
• Experiments With Entangled Two-Photon States from Type-II Parametric Down Conversion Evidence for Wave-Particle Unity, Prof. Carroll O. Alley, T. E. Kiess, A. V. Sergienko & Y. H. Shih 519
• Note on Wave-Particle Unity, H. Yilmaz
• Correlation Functions and Einstein Locality, Augusto Garuccio & Liberatot De Caro 529
• Optical Test's of Bell's Inequalities: Cloing the Poor Correlation Loophole, Susana F. Huelga, Miguel Ferrero & Prof. Emilio Santos  537
• Atomic Cascade Experiments with Two-Channel Polarizers and Quantum Mechanical Nonlocality, Mohammad Ardehali 545
• New Tests on Locality and Empty Waves, Ramon Risco-Delgado 555
• Wave-Particle Duality, Prof. Marius Borneas 561
• Quantum Correlations from a Logical Point of View, Nikos A. Tambakis 565
• Local Realism and the Crucila Experiment, Yaov Ben-Dov 571
• The Space of Local Hidden Variables Can Limit Non-Locality And What Next?, Milan Vinduska 575
• How the Quantum of Action Cannot Be a Metric One, Constantin Antonopoulos 583
• The Ghostly Solution of the Quantum Paradoxes and Its Experimental Verification, Raoul Nakhmanson 591

Index 597

This book is an expanded version of Selleri's Die Debatte um die Quantentheorie, and is devoted to the most foundamental themes of Quantum Physics: acausality, wave-particle duality, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox, and so on. Several paradoxes have plagued quantum physics since its beginnings, the easiest of which to solve are the paradoxes of completeness (Schrodinger's cat, Wigner's friend, de Broglie's box, etc.). At a deeper level is the paradox of wave-particle duality whose solution probaily requires the Einstein-de Broglie picture of atomic systems. The most difficult of them all is the EPR paradox (incompatibility between local realism and quantum theory). The book shows that experimental research can, in principle, solve paradoxes such as EPR and wave-particle duality but the experiments performed on Bell-type inequalities have instead left the conceptual situation fundamentally unmodified.

Rewiews of "Quantum Paradoxes and Physical Reality":

"This volume is major contribution to the literature on the foundations of quantum physics. It should be an important reference book in the field for years to come." - Alastair I.M. Rae, Found. Physics, Vol. 23, p. 133 (1993).

"I strongly recommend the reading of Selleri's book, not only because of its technical interest, but also for seeing how the inevitable perplexities of any other quantum theorist are viewed by a declared partisan of realism." (Transl. from French) - Olivier Costa de Beauregard, Ann. Fond. L. de Broglie, Vol. 15, p. 239 (1991).

"Professor Selleri is almost uniquely qualified - a true skeptic who nonetheless has a deep grasp of the 'Copenhagen interpretation'. If you add to this an unflagging intellectual honesty and a basic sense of fairness, you can appreciate what a special document this book is." - Daniel Greenberger, Physics Essays, Vol. 4, p. 436 (1991).

"Selleri has written with rigor and clarity a superb book which is understandable and informative for every one interested in quantum mechanics." - Max Jammer, Found. Physics, vol. 21, p. 1335 (1991).

"Selleri has also achieved a part of what Einstein had in mind: to find a possibility to conceive causal and real processes as the foundation of statistical quantum theory without falling into logical contradictions." (Transl. from German) - Erwin Kerkenberg, Jour. Gen. Phil. Science, Vol. 22, p. 177 (1991).

"On reading these pages one is overcome with the impression that the 'Copenhagen interpretation' is not the only possible one. I do belive that this book makes us understand the essence of quantum mechanics, an understanding that is never available in regular textbooks of physics." (Trasl. from Japanese) - Mikio Namiki, Butsuri, Vol. 53, p. 795 (1991).

"In this work Professor Franco Selleri of the University of Bari turns in a remarkable virtuoso performance in which historically and philosophically sensitive discussion accompanies a careful and thorough presentation of the requisite technical details." - James Cushing, Am. Jour. of Physics, Vol. 58, p. 797 (1990).

"The work described here is a fascinating story, documented with meticulous details, of human inquiry into some of the most intriguing fundamental questions of science." - Dipankar Home, 2001, Vol. Nov. 1990, p. 37.

Proceedings of the Conference, Held in Urbino, Italy, September 25-October 3, 1985